Arrays in c-language

 Definition :-

An Array is a group (or collection) of the same data types .

For an example an int array holds the elements of int types while float array holds the elements of float types .

How to declare an Array ?

     datatype Array_name[array_size];

For example,

      float  salary[5];

Keynotes :

 1: Arrays have 0 as the First index, not 1. In this example , salary[0] is the First element.

2: If the size of an array is  n , to access the last element, the n-1 index is used.

In this example, salary[4]

3: Suppose the starting address of salary[0] is 2120d. then, the address of the salary[1] will be 2124d. 

Similarly, the address of salary[2] will be 2128d and so on.

This is because the size of a float is 4 bytes.

How to initialize an array?

  int salary[5] = { 10000 , 12000 , 12300 , 20000 , 21000 };

 You can also initialize an array like this .

int salary[] = { 10000 , 12000 , 12300 , 20000 , 21000 };

here ,

salary[0]  is equal to 10000

salary[1]  is equal to 12000

salary[2]  is equal to 12300

salary[3]  is equal to 20000

salary[4]  is equal to 21000

Example 1: ARRAY   Input/Output

// Program to take 5 values from the user and store them in an Array

// Print the elements stored in the Array

#include<stdio.h>

void main(){

int salary[5];

int i,n;

printf("Enter 5 salaries: ");

  // Taking input and storing it in an Array

for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++)

{

scanf("%d",&salary[i]);

}

printf("Displying salaries: ");

// Printing elements of an Array

for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++)

{

printf("%d \n",salary[i]);

}

}

OUTPUT :-

Enter 5 salaries : 10000  12000  12300  20000  21000

Displaying salaries :

10000

12000

12300

20000

21000

Here, we have used a for loop to take 5 inputs from the user and store them in an array.

Then , using another for loop, these elements are displayed on the screen.

There are two types of  C-Arrays

1: One dimensional array

2: Multi-dimensional array 

         Multi-dimensional array contains , Two dimensional,  Three dimensional upto 'n' dimensional array.